DIRECT SPEECH

- repetem-se as mesmas palavras de quem fala ou falou

- Vem entre aspas

ex. He said: "They will travel"

 

INDIRECT SPEECH

- A mensagem é a mesma, mas com as palavras do narrador.

- Há a mudança da forma verbal do direct speech.

- Não vem entre aspas, havendo ou não a inclusão de THAT.

ex. He said (that) they would travel.

 

Principais correlações verbais no Reported Speech

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
simple present	simple past
present perfect	past perfect
present continuous	past continuous
simple past	past perfect
simple future (will)	simple conditional (would)
simple conditional	simple conditional

exemplos:

>>He said: "She is writing letters". (pres.continuous)

He said (that) she was writing letters. (past continuous)

 

>>They said: "We arrived late". (simple past)

Thay said (that) they had arrived late. (past perfect)

 

Casos especiais

1) Imperativo (said --> told)

- He said: "Go home and rest!" (direct)

He told me to go home and rest (indirect)

obs.

> observe que o tempo verbal não muda.

> No entanto, além de told, a forma said pode, no imperativo, adquirir outras formas.

 

She said: "Go home and rest!"

She told/commanded/ordered/request/begged me to go home and rest

 

2) Pergunta (said --> asked)

- He said: "Can you wait a minute?" (direct)

He asked me wheter I could wait a minute. (indirect)

 

nota. wheter = if

 

Mudanças de algumas expressões no reported speech

DIRECT SPEECH	INDIRECT SPEECH
this	that
these	those
here	there
now	then
ago	before
today	that day
yesterday	the previous day / the day before
tomorrow	the next day

exemplos:

- She said: "I studied this yesterday"

She said (that) she had studied that the day before.

 

- John said: "I will be here today"

John said (that) he would be there that day.